Alison Beard

This study explores the measurable barriers hindering social inclusion, for individuals living with young
onset dementia (YOD) and their families. Drawing on social constructionism and feminist perspectives,
qualitative methods including semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and a case study were
employed to delve into subjective experiences and perceptions.
Narratives from nine individuals living with YOD and five family members, all engaged in support groups
within North West England, shed light on the explored barriers to social inclusion. The study examines
the impact of role, occupation, self-identity, and altered social interactions, alongside the recognition
of YOD as a disability.
Using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis (2006), three prominent themes emerged from the
findings: i) acknowledging a diagnosis of YOD ii) adapting to change and iii) resilience. These themes
intersect to emphasise the necessity of a deeper comprehension of signs and symptoms of dementia
in younger individuals, timely diagnosis irrespective of age, and recognition of the distinct challenges
faced by younger individuals living with dementia.
To facilitate change, the Circle of Empowerment model is proposed, offering recommendations for
policy and practice adjustments. These include reframing YOD as a disability and recognising that
individuals living with YOD can still learn, engage socially, and find purpose and value in society.
Embracing the Circle of Empowerment model in practice, alongside acknowledging the benefits of
specialised support within YOD-specific communities, holds the promise of fostering a more positive
experience for individuals living with YOD, wherein individuals feel valued and integrated into society.

In understanding the impact of apprentice assistant practitioners (AAPs) on mental healthcare services, it is important to understand the role of the practice trainer (PT). This article is the last in a series of four looking at AAPs in mental healthcare services. It will focus on the experiences of the PTs as they support AAPs working towards their qualified AAP role.
The challenges faced by mental healthcare services and the role of the PT in supporting workforce development via the AAPs will be introduced. Semi-structured interviews were carried out on two PTs working in the north west of England and employed at the University of Bolton. Both participants work with AAPs employed in mental healthcare services and consented to take part. During the interview, the PTs were asked to outline how long they had worked in role, followed by an exploration into their experiences of supporting AAPs within mental healthcare services.
The PTs were asked to give their opinion on the development of their role, throughout the programme, with particular reference to the restrictions and changes COVID-19 had made to their role.